前言

最近在学习使用hal库,之前都是用标准库来写32代码,所以发个帖子记录一下学习过程,同时也希望能帮助到一些也在学习HAL库的同学。

接下来进入正题


一、串口中断是什么?

串口中断是指当单片机收到一个串口数据时,单片机会产生一个中断信号,通知处理器中断服务程序去处理这个接收到的数据。在中断服务程序中,我们可以读取串口接收缓冲区中的数据,并根据具体的应用场景进行处理,例如存储、显示、计算等操作。

串口中断一般通过使用串口的中断接收功能实现。当有新的数据到达串口时,单片机会产生一个中断请求,触发中断服务程序。中断服务程序在处理完接收到的数据后,可以根据具体的应用需求采取相应的处理措施。相比于轮询方式,采用中断的方式可以大大提高单片机的效率,减少了资源浪费,同时也可以避免数据丢失等问题。


二,Stm32CubeMX配置 

1,首先在主页面选择你的32芯片

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

二,逻辑代码编写

这是才初始化后的main函数

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 96;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 4;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_3) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

 

 

 

 

1,首先介绍一个函数

HAL_UART_Transmit

 先尝试一下简单的串口发送数据,就只用这个函数就足够了,

 

		char msg[] = "Hello, world!";
		HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t*)msg, strlen(msg), 1000);

#include "string.h"

 编译运行一下

 下载到stm32里,打开串口助手,选择串口号还有波特率等参数(这个助手就叫串口调试助手,微软商店可以直接下载,没有的同学,我会在文章末尾放上网盘链接)

 现象就是一直发送Hello World

这是直接使用串口发送数据,并没有用到中断

2,下面我使用一下中断试一试

 

 

 进去后一直往下翻,找串口接受的回调函数

 

__weak void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
  /* Prevent unused argument(s) compilation warning */
  UNUSED(huart);
  /* NOTE: This function should not be modified, when the callback is needed,
           the HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback could be implemented in the user file
   */
}

回到main函数里

void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
  if (huart->Instance == USART1) // ???????????? USART1
  {
    if (rx_data[0] == '0') // ??????????? 0
    {
      HAL_UART_Transmit_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)tx_data2, strlen(tx_data2)); // ?????
			HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_0,GPIO_PIN_SET);
    }
		if (rx_data[0] == '1') // ??????????? 0
    {
      HAL_UART_Transmit_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)tx_data3, strlen(tx_data3)); // ?????
			HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_0,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
    }
    HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, (uint8_t*)rx_data, sizeof(rx_data)); // ???? UART ????
  }
}

 

	HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1, rx_data, 1);

最终现象

 

stm32串口中断

工程文件及串口助手(推荐使用串口调试助手)

链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1fQBR2Nd7U73QelpHmMcSHw?pwd=4qru 
提取码:4qru 
–来自百度网盘超级会员V1的分享

总结

提示:这里对文章进行总结:
例如:以上就是今天要讲的内容,本文仅仅简单介绍了pandas的使用,而pandas提供了大量能使我们快速便捷地处理数据的函数和方法。

转自:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_52062938/article/details/130494097